Foreign policy is clearly defined their goals and permanent is the synthesis of the exercise of power of the state in the field of international relations. This applies to all nations and is, as noted in the previous chapter, the guidance of national interest for all States. In the safety, survival and welfare are synthesized and unquestionable primary concerns of the existence and development nation state.
The objectives also are assumed to accurately reflect the national reality. This is the irresistible notion of politics and the interests of a society to the outside. No foreign policy will go against self interest to survive or maintain secure borders, territory, or form of government, and not go against the welfare of its own population. This clearly explain that the reasons why the national security generally is limited to the area of foreign policy. The predominant defense approach the interpretation of reality, leading even to develop the thesis of the internal enemy in trend of national security. International reality itself acquired a defensive sense, since the cognitive apprehension optical analysts and decision making in foreign policy.
The nature of national and international realities, dynamics and social complexity and the power emanating from this constant evolution, transform themselves and frequently alter the basic assumptions of the planning process and strategic implementation of foreign policy, the momentum of events or political events, economic, social and cultural state and non governmental source, whose manifestations are many times very difficult to control and / or predict.
Foreign policy is a political and social process that involves the repeated application of a relatively constant number of criteria, infinitely variable mold situational factors, and a subsequent adjustment to the State conduct as a result of the conclusions reached by such application. Thus, the method of analysis of foreign policy contains the following elements:
1) A standard of measurement (National Interest);
2) Situational factors impinging on the State and its permanent and strategic purposes;
3) The conduct adopted by the State in the interaction of the components that should be used to achieve various goals, sets and assesses the behaviors to adopt.
Foreign policy is the set of decisions and actions by each subject of international society defines its conduct and establishes goals and courses of action in all areas beyond their borders; and the measures and actions undertaken in its execution. In these terms is important to stress the political nature of foreign policy (in the broad sense of the Aristotelian concept) foreign policy is above and beyond all forms, politics. In a world ruled by interests that counts is the actual ability to defend principles and meet targets. An effective foreign policy requires programs, strategies and means commensurate to the goals pursued and the difficulties to reach them.
Once defined foreign policy as social and political process the activity developed by the State in the field of international society has a much broader connotation that is attached in the field of international law with the public and private spheres. The courses of actions that can adopt a strategy are varied, but is important to note that the methodology used in their preparation generally takes into account a primary capacity and appropriate times to optimize the effectiveness policy instrument used.
State activity abroad has ways and means of action appropriate to each of the selected strategy and, in turn, it is designed according to the objectives and factors of national and international situation, they are evaluated in terms of capacity, opportunity and maximizing / minimizing risks, and good results. Traditionally, from the perspective of foreign policy scholars from developing countries, policies and intervention practices are for the most blatant exercise of power of the powers.
The domination between center and periphery, sets out the ways in which capitalist countries tie their own interests within the countries dominated by power groups and the power, negating the democratic aspirations and sovereign nations. The power of some of the most important actors in the American political system, the Russian leaders systematically intervened in the internal affairs of political parties in Eastern Europe, in order to consolidate the economical domination.
The emphasis on the analysis of interventions has been, in recent times (the last 50 years) in the cold war stories and the ways in which each block forged alliances with the consent of the other regional hegemony. The history of war shows the forms and procedures under which the imperialist countries have intervened in the dominated countries, with or without the will of governments installed.
Open military intervention lobbyists contemporary groups, through the intelligence and counterintelligence activities, intervention strategies lies in their own foreign policy of States. Hence, we note that the intervention is integral to foreign policy and the ways in which each country defends its interests vary from one to another, but its intention never to influence the decisions of another country or important actor international society. This point is an important point, especially considering that the groups and nongovernmental organizations private companies, churches, human rights, environmental, etc . have made lobbying and legislative executive in other countries, an important policy exercise of contemporary power.
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